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Opportunities for Post-Pandemic Economic Reform and Recovery in the Indonesia-EU CEPA Negotiations | CSIS

Opportunities for Post-Pandemic Economic Reform and Recovery in the Indonesia-EU CEPA Negotiations

06 May 2021 2.00 PM - 06 May 2021 4.30 PM
event.csis.or.id/ieucepa

Jakarta, CSIS Indonesia – Pada Kamis, 6 Mei 2021, Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) Indonesia mengadakan Webinar berjudul “Peluang untuk Reformasi dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Paska Pandemi dalam Negosiasi Indonesia-European Union Comprehensive Economic Partnership (IEU CEPA).” Acara ini merupakan peluncuran laporan hasil studi Departemen Ekonomi CSIS bekerja sama dengan ARISE+ yang bertajuk “Seizing Gains from A Transformative Agreement: A Study on Indonesia-EU CEPA.”

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, Indonesia gencar melakukan negosiasi perjanjian perdagangan dengan berbagai mitra. Salah satu perjanjian perdagangan yang sedang dalam proses negosiasi adalah Indonesia-European Union Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (I-EU CEPA). Secara garis besar, perjanjian ini akan memberikan akses pasar produk Indonesia untuk negara Uni Eropa dan meningkatkan intensitas perdagangan barang dan jasa serta investasi. Kesepakatan ini juga diharapkan dapat memperkuat hubungan ekonomi kedua pihak, serta membantu pemulihan ekonomi paska pandemi.

Webinar ini dibuka oleh Philips Vermonte selaku Direktur Eksekutif CSIS Indonesia. Dalam sambutannya, Philips Vermonte menegaskan bahwa IEU CEPA semakin penting dan relevan apabila dilihat di dalam konteks reformasi bagi pemulihan ekonomi. Selain meningkatkan akses pasar untuk produk Indonesia di Uni Eropa, yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan ekspor Indonesia, perjanjian ini juga memberikan banyak potensi lain yang selaras dengan kebutuhan Indonesia dalam melakukan reformasi kebijakan.

Vincent Piket, Duta Besar Uni Eropa untuk Indonesia dan Brunei Darussalam, juga memberikan sambutan dalam webinar ini. Beliau membahas kondisi pemulihan ekonomi serta pendekatan Green Economy yang sedang diberlakukan Uni Eropa. Duta Besar Vincent Piket juga menegaskan manfaat dari IEU CEPA bagi kedua belah pihak seperti mempromosikan perubahan kualitatif dalam perdagangan dan industri melalui investasi teknologi, infrastruktur dan SDM, serta memperluas lapangan kerja, khususnya di Indonesia.

Webinar ini turut dihadiri oleh Muhammad Lutfi, Menteri Perdagangan Republik Indonesia, yang menyampaikan pidato kunci bertajuk kinerja perdagangan Indonesia saat ini dan menegaskan pentingnya peran Uni Eropa sebagai mitra kerja sama perdagangan RI.

Adapun paparan hasil studi CSIS disampaikan oleh Dandy Rafitrandi, peneliti Departemen Ekonomi CSIS. Di tengah kondisi ekonomi global yang masih menunjukkan tren negatif, peran IEU CEPA membawa peluang bagi pemulihan ekonomi nasional. Studi CSIS menunjukkan implementasi IEU CEPA diestimasikan mampu meningkatkan sekitar 0,19 persen PDB Indonesia atau setara dengan USD 2,8 miliar per tahun. Bagi Indonesia, IEU CEPA berpotensi meningkatkan akses pasar, daya saing dan diversifikasi ekspor. Manfaat perjanjian ini dapat dirasakan melalui ketersediaan input barang dan jasa yang lebih terjangkau dan berkualitas, investasi yang meningkat, serta keterlibatan dalam rantai pasok global (Global Value Chain) perusahaan asal Uni Eropa.

Saat ini, proses ekspor Indonesia ke Uni Eropa masih mengandalkan Generalized System of Preference (GSP). Sistem ini digunakan Uni Eropa untuk negara berkembang dengan kebijakan non-tarif yang sangat ketat. Perjanjian IEU CEPA diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mempertahankan daya saing produk Indonesia apabila skema GSP dicabut. Indonesia dan Uni Eropa juga memiliki tingkat komplementaritas yang tinggi dan bukan kompetitor langsung dalam perdagangan pasar global.

Namun untuk mengoptimalkan perolehan manfaat perjanjian IEU CEPA ini, dibutuhkan penyesuain kebijakan dari pemerintah Indonesia. Infrastruktur kualitas ekspor berupa testing dan lab juga perlu diperbaiki agar dapat menunjang sertifikasi dan standar ekspor Uni Eropa.

Tidak hanya sesi paparan studi, webinar ini juga memiliki sesi diskusi panel yang dimoderatori oleh Fajar Hirawan selaku Peneliti Senior CSIS. Panelis yang berpartisipasi dalam webinar ini yaitu Laksmi Kusumawati selaku Plt. Direktur Perdagangan, Investasi, dan Kerja Sama Ekonomi Internasional Bappenas, Ni Made Ayu Marthini selaku Direktur Perundingan Bilateral Kementrian Perdagangan RI, Kiki Verico, sebagai Tenaga Ahli Mentri Keuangan Bidang Industri dan Perdagangan Internasional juga menjadi panelis di sesi diskusi ini, Shinta Kamdani sebagai Wakil Ketua Umum KADIN, Marika Jakas sebagai Kepala Bagian Perdagangan dan Hubungan Ekonomi, Delegasi EU untuk Indonesia, dan Wichard von Harrach selaku Wakil Ketua EuroCham Indonesia.

Melalui webinar peluncuran studi komprehensif CSIS Indonesia, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Perundingan IEU CEPA dinilai sangat signifikan untuk menyusun dan mengimplementasi kebijakan ekonomi internasional di jangka panjang dan menengah. Walaupun perjanjian ini bukan menjadi panasea yang langsung membuat peningkatan ekonomi frastis di Indonesia, namun IEU CEPA dapat menjadi katalisator untuk mempercepat pemulihan dan reformasi ekonomi paska krisis pandemi.

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Webinar dapat disaksikan melalui https://youtu.be/TspphNSbm58. Adapun laporan lengkap dapat diakses di on.csis.or.id/ieucepa-en (Bahasa Inggris) atau on.csis.or.id/ieucepa-id (Bahasa Indonesia).