A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: strtolower(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated
Filename: MX/Loader.php
Line Number: 160
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 132
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 290
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 164
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 233
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 313
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 354
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 282
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 294
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 304
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 375
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 108
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: strtolower(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated
Filename: MX/Loader.php
Line Number: 160
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: strtolower(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated
Filename: MX/Loader.php
Line Number: 160
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: strtolower(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated
Filename: MX/Loader.php
Line Number: 160
Backtrace:
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/core/X_Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/base/third_party/MX/Loader.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/modules/web/Scholar/controllers/Scholar.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/protected/framework.php
File: /home/csis3web/old.csis.or.id/index.php
Rizal Sukma | CSIS
Position :
Senior Fellow
Organization :
Centre for Strategic and International Studies
Dr. Rizal Sukma is a Senior Fellow at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, Jakarta. Previously, he was Indonesia’s Ambassador to the United Kingdom, Ireland and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), London, from 2016 to 2020. He joined CSIS in 1990 as a researcher and assumed the role of Executive Director in 2009 until 2015. Dr. Sukma also served as former Chairman of International Relations, Muhammadiyah Central Executive Board (2005-2015). Since receiving a PhD in International Relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in 1997, he has worked extensively on such issues as Southeast Asian security, ASEAN, Indonesia’s defense and foreign policy, military reform, Islam and politics, and domestic political changes in Indonesia.
Dr Sukma has served as a member of the National Committee on Strategic Defence Review at the Ministry of Defence, and as a member of the National Drafting Committee for the National Defence Bill (2000–2002) and the Armed Forces Bill (2002–2003). He was the first Indonesian to receive the Nakasone Award, in July 2005, and named one 100 Global Thinkers in 2009 by Foreign Policy magazine.
He has published three books: Security Operations in Aceh: Goals, Consequences, and Lessons (Washington, DC: East-West Centre, 2004); Islam in Indonesia’s Foreign Policy (London: Routledge, 2003), and Indonesia and China: The Politics of A Troubled Relationship (London: Routledge, 1999).
